At its core, universal design is about creating homes welcoming to every family member regardless of their abilities or characteristics. It's about removing barriers and ensuring everyone can access and enjoy their home without making changes or adaptations. Universal design principles are built on equitable use, flexibility, simplicity, perceptibility, tolerance, low physical effort, size and space. For instance, installing slip-resistant flooring in wet areas like bathrooms and kitchens and using rounded corners on countertops and furniture can reduce the risk of injury from collisions. By embracing these principles, accessible home designs can meet their occupants' diverse needs and preferences, fostering a sense of comfort and independence. Indian home design often incorporates accessibility features to accommodate individuals with diverse needs. Here are some common elements and considerations:
- Ramped entrances: providing ramps instead of steps at entrances allows easy access for wheelchair users and individuals with mobility aids. Concrete ramps are durable and long-lasting. Wood ramps are relatively easy to construct and can be customised to match the aesthetic of the surrounding architecture.
- Wide doorways: doorways should be wide enough to accommodate wheelchairs and walkers comfortably. A minimum width of 36 inches (91 cm) is often recommended. Inward-opening doors limit accessibility for individuals using mobility aids. Doors should swing outward or have offset hinges to increase passage width for maximum accessibility. Lever-style door handles are more accessible to people with limited hand mobility than traditional door knobs.